From farm to trash: How food focial fecurity model could solve waste and hunger Have you ever wondered why we throw away so much food while millions go hungry? It's a puzzling paradox that highlights the deep connection between food waste and food security. Let's dive into this crucial issue and explore an innovative solution that's gaining traction: Food Social Security model. The Food Waste Dilemma Imagine filling your shopping cart, only to dump a third of it in the trash before leaving the store. Sounds crazy, right? Yet that's essentially what's happening on a global scale. We're producing enough food to feed everyone, but a shocking amount never reaches a plate. This waste isn't just about forgotten leftovers in your fridge. It's a systemic problem that stretches from farm to fork. First, let's clarify two terms that are often confused: 1. What are Food Loss and Food Waste? Food Loss This is like accidentally dropping your ice cream cone. It refers to unintentional reductions in food quantity or quality before it reaches consumers. It involves: Crops left unharvested due to market prices Produce discarded for not meeting cosmetic standards Food spoiling during transport or storage Excess inventory in supermarkets Crops damaged by pests or milk spoiling due to lack of refrigeration during transport. Food Waste This is more like throwing away a half-eaten sandwich because you're full. It's the intentional discarding of food that's still good to eat. It includes: All those vegetables forgotten in your fridge or Uneaten meals in restaurants and homes Each wasted morsel represents lost resources, wasted labor, and most importantly, a missed opportunity to feed someone in need. 2. The Hidden Cost of Food Waste: A Global Challenge In a world capable of producing enough food for everyone, the scale of food waste has reached unprecedented levels. This waste occurs at every stage of the food supply chain, from farm to fork, and represents a significant challenge in our efforts to feed a growing global population sustainably. Believe it or not, about one-third of all food produced globally is lost or wasted. That's like making three pizzas and throwing one away entirely![1] This amounts is a staggering 1.3 billion tons of edible food each year. In industrialized countries, at least 40% of food is wasted at retail and consumer levels. The European Union alone generates an estimated 88 million tonnes of food waste annually, with households responsible for more than half of this amount. This wastage isn't just about discarded leftovers. It represents a massive loss of nutrients, especially from fruits and vegetables, which suffer the highest levels of waste due to their perishability. Ironically, while nutritious food is being thrown away, up to 811 million people worldwide struggle to afford quality meals daily.[2] 3. The Environmental impact of food waste The environmental impact is equally alarming. Food waste contributes to 8%-10% of greenhouse gas emissions and wastes vast amounts of land, water, and energy used in food production.[3] Financially, the cost is enormous, with the EU's annual food waste estimated at 143 billion euros. Addressing this issue is crucial for creating a more sustainable and equitable food system. By preventing food loss and waste, we can save nutritious food for redistribution, reduce pressure on natural resources, help mitigate climate change, and save money across the entire food supply chain. 4. How does this affect food security? Food security means having reliable access to enough affordable, nutritious food. On the flip side of this wasteful abundance, we have a global hunger crisis. Food security remains out of reach for millions. It's like having a leaky water pipe in a desert; there's plenty of water, but it's not getting to those who need it most. Current approaches, like food banks and donations, while well-intentioned, often fall short. They treat the symptoms rather than addressing the root causes of food insecurity. When we waste food or lose it before it reaches people, we're essentially taking food off someone's plate. Here's how: Less Available Food: Every bit of food lost or wasted is food that can't feed hungry people. Higher Food Prices: Food loss and waste can drive up food prices, making it harder for people to afford nutritious meals.[4] Think of it like a leaky water bucket. If we're trying to provide water (food) to everyone, but there are holes in our bucket (loss and waste), we'll always struggle to meet everyone's needs. 5. What can we do? Use better technology: Improving harvesting, storage, and transportation methods can reduce food loss. It's like upgrading from a paper bag to a lunchbox to keep your sandwich fresh. Consumer education: Teaching people about meal planning, proper food storage, and the impact of waste can help reduce food waste at home. Circular economy approaches: This involves finding ways to reuse or recycle food that would otherwise be wasted. For example, turning overripe fruits into jams or using food scraps for composting. Food donation: These initiatives collect surplus food from restaurants and stores to distribute to those in need, like a city-wide leftover sharing system. The institutionalization of food aid is often presented as a way to reduce waste. The Belgian food industry wastes 161 kg of food per inhabitant per year, compared to ‘only’ 59 kg in the Netherlands, 29 kg in France and even only 19 kg in Germany. This puts Belgium almost at the bottom of the European ranking; only Cyprus does even worse.[5] The problem is that 95% of food aid comes from the agro-industry. This mechanism reinforces the functioning of the industrial system, which, to maximize its profit, is in constant overproduction, thus producing consumable waste. Tax deductions related to food donations help reduce the cost of this overproduction. This mechanism, which makes the agro-industrial system appear philanthropic, is in reality a masquerade. Food donation contributes to the profitability and legitimacy of the agro-industrial system, while distributing poor quality products. Food donation is often presented as a fight against food waste, but it treats people resorting to aid as "ethical garbage bins". Moving away from this donation logic and fighting against food waste are not incompatible. An upward exit from food donation is necessary to establish a right to food and real food sovereignty. [6] Food Social Security: an inspring model? Now, imagine a system where everyone has a guaranteed budget for quality food, just like how many countries ensure access to healthcare through social security. That's the idea behind the Food Social Security model proposes to extend the principle of health social security to access to quality and chosen food for all. This idea is based on the principles of unity, universality, democracy, and solidarity. Here's how it could work: Universal Coverage: Every citizen gets a monthly food allowance on their "food card" (think health insurance card, but for groceries). Quality Assurance: The allowance can only be used for products meeting certain standards of quality, sustainability, and fair labor practices. Democratic Control: Citizens have a say in defining these standards, promoting a more democratic food system. Local Emphasis: The system encourages local production and consumption, reducing waste in transport and storage. Fair Compensation: Farmers and food workers receive fair compensation, addressing the economic disparities that often lead to waste and food insecurity. Connecting the Dots: How Food Social Security addresses both waste and security Food Social Security could tackle both sides of the food waste-security equation by: Reducing Waste: By ensuring a stable market for quality produce, Food Social Security discourages overproduction and reduces the likelihood of food being wasted due to market fluctuations. Enhancing Security: With a guaranteed food budget, no one has to choose between eating and other necessities. This universal access promotes better nutrition and reduces reliance on emergency food aid. Empowering Choices:  Food Social Security allows people to choose their food, rather than relying on whatever's available at a food bank. This dignity of choice is a crucial aspect of true food security. Supporting Sustainable Practices: By setting standards for eligible products,  Food Social Security can encourage more sustainable farming practices, which often produce less waste. Strengthening Local Systems: Emphasizing local production can shorten supply chains, reducing opportunities for waste while ensuring fresher food reaches consumers.[7] Of course, implementing such a system isn't without challenges. It would require significant political will, new funding mechanisms, and a shift in how we think about food as a society. Questions about cost, administration, and potential impacts on the current food industry would need to be addressed. However, when we consider the enormous costs - both financial and human - of our current wasteful and inequitable food system, the potential benefits of Food Social Security become clear. The Big Picture: The Water-Energy-Food Experts are increasingly looking at food security as part of a bigger picture that includes water and energy. These three elements are closely connected. For instance, producing food requires water and energy, and wasting food means we're also wasting the water and energy used to produce it. Understanding these connections can help us develop more effective solutions. It's like solving a puzzle – when we see how all the pieces fit together, we can create better strategies to ensure everyone has access to the food, water, and energy they need. Conclusion Reducing food loss and waste is a critical step in improving global food security. While the challenge is complex, every action counts – from governments implementing new policies to individuals being more mindful about their grocery shopping and leftovers. Food Social Security represents a bold reimagining of our food system, one that could address the twin challenges of waste and insecurity. By treating food as a fundamental right, much like healthcare in many countries, we could create a more equitable, sustainable, and efficient way of feeding our communities. As we face growing environmental challenges and persistent inequality, innovative solutions like FSS deserve our attention. After all, in a world that produces more than enough food to feed everyone, shouldn't we find a way to get it to those who need it most? What do you think? Could Food Social Security be the ingredient we've been missing in our recipe for a better food system? The table is set for change - it's up to us to take the first bite. [1] https://greenly.earth/en-us/blog/ecology-news/global-food-waste-in-2022 [2] https://www.fao.org/interactive/state-of-food-security-nutrition/2021/en/ [3] https://www.unep.org/resources/report/unep-food-waste-index-report-2021 [4] Agriculture & Food Security volume 10, Article number: 26 (2021) [5] https://www.agro-chemistry.com/news/belgium-second-largest-food-waster-in-europe/ [6] https://agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40066-021-00302-z [7] https://www.fian.be/Pour-une-securite-sociale-de-l-alimentation?lang=fr

Paris 2024: Building Social Sustainability in the Olympic and Paralympic Games The 2024 Paris Olympics are set to make history, not just for the athletic fiesta we'll witness, but for a milestone achievement in gender equality. For the first time in Olympic history, all 32 sports will achieve full gender parity, with an equal number of slots allocated to male and female athletes. This pivotal moment represents the culmination of a century-long journey towards equal representation in the world's most prestigious sporting event. Nevertheless, while the Olympics are set to achieve full gender parity for the first time in history, the Paralympic movement has faced a more challenging path towards this goal. This disparity highlights the complexities of achieving sustainable equality in elite sports and the unique challenges faced by women with disabilities. Equality: Century in the making The path to this point has been a marathon, not a sprint. Consider this: when Paris first hosted the Olympics in 1900, a mere 22 women competed. The 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games, and women participated in 26 sports, making up 34% of competitors. At the Tokyo 2021 Olympics Games saw 47.87% female atheletes competing in 33 sports. Now, Paris 2024 completes this trajectory with a perfect 50-50 split across all Olympic disciplines.[1] In contrast, the Paralympic Games, despite being around for over 60 years, still struggle with gender imbalance. At the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Summer Games, women accounted for only 42% of all athlete delegates. The situation is even more stark in the Winter Games, where women comprised a mere 24% of all competitors at the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games. This progress mirrors the broader societal shifts we've seen over the past century. As women have gained more rights and opportunities in education, the workplace, and society at large, so it was time they claimed their rightful place in the sporting arena! [2] The Challenges of Representation The disparity in gender representation extends beyond athlete participation. The lack of women in leadership positions has far-reaching effects on policy-making and resource allocation within the Olympic and Paralympic Movement. Historically, the representation of women on the International Olympic Committee has lagged behind the rate of female participation in the games, often falling short of its target of a minimum 20% female presence. However, as of 2023, 41.1% of the committee members are women.[3] On the other hand, women account for only 20% of National Paralympic Committee (NPC) presidential roles and have limited representation on many key committees and boards. The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) has made efforts to address this imbalance, setting a 30% goal for women within its leadership structures in 2003, which was increased to 50% in 2017. However, progress has been slow, and in 2021, the IPC controversially backed away from this commitment, stating it was a "non-mandatory preference."[4] Transforming Traditionally Male-Dominated Sports One of the most striking examples of this transformation can be seen in boxing. Long considered a quintessentially male sport, boxing will feature an equal number of weight categories for men and women in Paris. What a change from 2012 when women's boxing was first introduced to the Olympics with just three weight classes, compared to ten for men. [5] Mixed-Gender Events: A Double-Edged Sword Both the Olympic and Paralympic movements have turned to mixed-gender events as a strategy to increase women's participation. These events not only expand opportunities for female athletes but also challenge our conventional notions of gender-specific sports. [6] While this appoach was very successfull for the Olympics, the success is more nuanced for the Paralympics. As a matter of fact, some Paralympic mixed-gender sports, like Para equestrian, have seen high levels of female participation, with women comprising 72% of all participants at the 2020 Tokyo Games. However, other mixed-gender sports like wheelchair rugby and Para ice hockey continue to be dominated by men, with women making up only a small fraction of participants.[4] The Economic Impact of Women's Sports Women's competitions have increasingly become a driving force in Olympic viewership and athletic achievement. Since 2016, female athletes have broken 35 world records in long-course swimming events, compared to 21 by men. This trend is evident in medal counts as well; in the last two Summer Olympics, U.S. women outperformed their male counterparts, winning 66 medals to men's 41 in Tokyo 2020. This success is echoed globally, with female athletes winning 60.5% of Australia's and 66% of China's gold medals in the same Games. So, this is not a surprise that the rise in women's Olympic participation correlates with the growing economic potential of women's sports. A 2023 Deloitte report projects that women's sports will generate global revenues of $1.28 billion in 2024, with a compound annual growth rate of 32% from 2021 to 2024. This economic growth is both a result of and a catalyst for increased investment in women's sports.[8] Breaking Barriers Motherhood in Elite Sports The 2024 Games are expected to showcase more mothers competing than ever before, reflecting evolving policies by National Olympic Committees and sports federations. For instance, the U.S. Olympic Committee now provides travel support for caregivers and young children, a policy that supported nine mothers in Tokyo 2020. For Paris 2024, the French National Olympic and Sports Committee plans offer additional rooms near the Village for breastfeeding mothers and families, and special passes for parents with young children during the Paralympic Games.[9] Track star Allyson Felix has been a leading advocate for maternal rights in sports. Her public stance against restrictive maternity policies in 2019 prompted significant changes in how sponsors approach pregnant athletes and new mothers. This shift challenges long-held assumptions about motherhood and elite athletic performance, paving the way for more inclusive policies that support women throughout their careers.[10] Women with disabilities The challenges faced by women in Paralympic sports are compounded by several factors: Higher disability rates: Globally, women are more likely to experience a disability than men, yet they are underrepresented in sport settings. Societal barriers: Women with disabilities face additional social, cultural, and economic barriers to sports participation, including societal expectations regarding family responsibilities and cultural norms about women in public spaces. Impairment types: The Paralympic Games include a limited number of impairment types, some of which are more common among men (e.g., spinal cord injuries), while conditions more prevalent in women (e.g., multiple sclerosis, arthritis) are less likely to be included.[4] Media Coverage: A Shifting Landscape Media coverage plays a crucial role in promoting gender equality in sports. NBC, the U.S. Olympic broadcaster, has committed to equal primetime coverage of men's and women's events for Paris 2024. This marks a notable shift from previous Olympics and could set a new industry standard, potentially influencing how other media outlets approach sports coverage. [7] The Importance of Diversity in Decision-Making While celebrating these advancements, it's crucial to recognize the importance of diversity in decision-making roles. Currently, women hold only 27% of executive positions in international sports federations. This underrepresentation at the leadership level can hinder progress and perpetuate systemic biases. Increasing diversity in sports leadership is not just about fairness; it's about leveraging diverse perspectives to drive innovation and growth. When decision-makers come from varied backgrounds, they bring a wealth of experiences and viewpoints that can lead to more inclusive policies and strategies. Looking Ahead: Challenges and Opportunities While the 2024 Paris Olympics represent a significant milestone in gender equality, challenges persist. The gender pay gap remains a concern in many sports, and women continue to face unique barriers in their athletic careers. The challenge lies not just in increasing the numbers of female participants, but in addressing the systemic barriers that prevent women, especially those with disabilities, from fully engaging in sports at all levels. However, the progress we've seen gives us reason for optimism. [1] https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2024/04/paris-olympics-2024-gender-parity/ [2] https://www.unwomen.org/en/paris-2024-olympics-new-era-for-women-in-sport [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participation_of_women_in_the_Olympics#:~:text=The%20representation%20of%20women%20on,41.1%25%20of%20members%20are%20women. [4] https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2022-0195 [5] https://www.unwomen.org/en/paris-2024-olympics-new-era-for-women-in-sport [6] https://olympics.com/ioc/news/mixed-gender-events-a-sign-of-innovation-and-greater-gender-diversity-at-tokyo-2020 [7] https://www.forbes.com/sites/moiraforbes/2024/07/24/paris-2024-olympics-the-turning-point-for-gender-equality-in-sports/ [8]  https://www.deloitte.com/uk/en/about/press-room/womens-elite-sports-to-generate-more-than-one-billion-in-revenue-in-2024.html [9] https://www.lemonde.fr/en/sports/article/2024/02/28/paris-2024-olympics-what-s-planned-for-athletes-children_6569383_9.html [10] https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/22/opinion/allyson-felix-pregnancy-nike.html

Expert for Executive board - Chairperson Acquisition & Branding I watched your presentation to the last Corporate Governance Committee, and once again, I was impressed by your capabilities, knowledge and smart view, ideas and direction. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to work with you which allowed me to see business development, client segmentation, client satisfaction, marketing, and business development in the way you drove the committee and impact Obelis as a company and the team. Thank you for the commitment making sure the transition will go smoothly and supporting the committee's goals during this time of change. Your dedication to Obelis group CGC's vision and objectives is much appreciated and admired, and I am thankful for your expertise. Wishing you health and success. Regards, Gideon Elkayam CEO of Obelis Group Dr Audrey-Flore Ngomsik has served for 2.5 years as expert for the executive board as Chairperson Acquisition & Branding.

Intersectional solutions for climate change I attended the first conference on intersectionality in Brussels, organized by Audrey-Flore and her team. It was amazing to discover the range of diverse speakers that Trianon had managed to bring together. It was an inspiring event. Trianon Scientific Communication showed that diversity is a matter of doing and not of only talking about it. Big thumbs up! Leen Vermeersch Founder of Flandrienella

The Future of Lithium-Ion Batteries: Greener and More Ethical As we journey towards a sustainable future, lithium-ion batteries play a pivotal role. They power our electric vehicles, support renewable energy grids, and are integral to numerous electronic devices. However, the environmental and human costs associated with their production are significant and need our attention.[1] The Hidden Costs of Green Technology While lithium-ion batteries are essential for a low-carbon future, their production has considerable downsides. Extracting lithium and cobalt, key components of these batteries, involves processes that consume vast amounts of energy and water. For instance, lithium extraction from salt flats in Argentina and Chile depletes water resources in already dry regions. Similarly, cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) raises severe ethical concerns, with reports of child labor and unsafe working conditions. These issues highlight the dark side of our green ambitions.[2] Innovative Solutions for Sustainable Extraction Researchers are exploring innovative methods to address these challenges. One promising approach involves using algae to extract rare earth elements. Certain species of algae can bioaccumulate minerals like lithium, nickel, and manganese from their environment. This method, known as biominage, offers a more sustainable alternative to traditional mining. The United States is already investing in research on macro-algae as part of its Arpa-e program, which aims to advance clean and renewable energy technologies.[3] Balancing Environmental and Social Sustainability The urgency to transition to greener and more ethical practices in battery production is clear. Policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers must work together to mitigate the unintended consequences of lithium-ion technology. This includes accelerating battery reuse and exploring sustainable extraction methods. For example, pilot projects in Germany and the United Kingdom are experimenting with filtering lithium from hot brines beneath granite rock, a process that requires significantly less energy. Developed countries often reap the benefits of green technology, while the environmental and social costs are borne by others. To truly achieve a sustainable future, we must ensure that the burden is shared more equitably and that social sustainability is at the forefront of our efforts. At Trianon Scientific Communication, we believe that linking environmental and social sustainability is not only ethical but also profitable. By adopting greener and safer practices, we can ensure a low-carbon future that benefits everyone. We must rethink our approach to battery production, emphasizing recycling, reuse, and sustainable extraction methods. Let's work together to create a sustainable, ethical, and profitable future. [1] https://edition.cnn.com/2021/12/17/opinions/siddharth-kara-mining-dr-congo/index.html [2] https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01735-z [3] https://www.newscientist.com/article/2433063-can-seaweed-provide-the-minerals-we-need-for-clean-energy/

The importance of green skills in businesses On this labor day, we would like to talk about #green #skills. To transition to a #lowcarbon and resource-efficient #economy, it is necessary to implement #systemicchanges that will lead to new #products and #services, as well as changes in production processes and business models. This #transition will result in changes in the skills required and the tasks involved in many existing occupations. The development of #greenskills is essential for achieving #sustainabledevelopmentgoals and building a #sustainablefuture. Governments, businesses, and educational institutions have a crucial role to play in promoting green skills development and education. Investing in green skills development can also create new job opportunities and promote #economicgrowth. It can also help to reduce the #environmentalimpact of #economic activities and contribute to mitigating #climatechange. Our CEO has been interviewed by Gaëlle Hoogsteyn, to talk about this. Let's hope that in 2023, #DEI will be considered by businesses as a necessary #greenskills.

What is invisble waste? Where do your old mobile phones and TVs go to die? In our modern world, where technological advancements seem to know no bounds, a sinister side effect lurks beneath the surface: invisible electronic waste (e-waste). While we often picture discarded computers, smartphones, and televisions when we think of e-waste, there exists a vast category of overlooked electronic items that contribute significantly to this global crisis. The Extent of the problem Each year, a staggering 9 billion kilograms of e-waste, comprising one-sixth of the world's total electronic waste, are discarded without much recognition from consumers. This category of e-waste encompasses a myriad of items, from cables and electronic toys to vaping devices and power tools. These seemingly innocuous products often escape our attention, leading to their improper disposal and contributing to environmental degradation. The Hidden Dangers of invisible waste Among the invisible e-waste items are vaping devices, which alone amount to a mountain of waste equivalent to several iconic structures like the Eiffel Tower or the Brooklyn Bridge. What's more alarming is that many of these devices contain lithium batteries, posing serious fire hazards and environmental risks if not disposed of properly. Additionally, precious materials like copper, vital for various industries, are discarded in the form of cables without realizing their recyclable potential. The true cost of e-waste The now-common example for invisible waste is that producing a mobile telephone weighing less than 200 g generates more than 80 kg of waste . The chemical industry has known this concept for some 30 years by now, when Roger Sheldon introduced the “E-factor”. Put simply, it relates the mass of the chemical products produced to the mass of the starting materials used in the process. Recognizing the Value Despite their inconspicuous nature, these discarded items hold significant value, both in terms of raw materials and environmental impact. The European Commission identifies lithium as a strategic raw material crucial for green energy initiatives, highlighting the importance of proper e-waste management. Moreover, the global value of raw materials in e-waste is estimated at a staggering $57 billion, with nearly one-sixth of that value lying within the invisible e-waste category.[1] Addressing the Issue To tackle the challenge of invisible e-waste, a concerted effort is required from all stakeholders. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) legislation, as implemented in Europe, has shown promising results in increasing e-waste collection rates. However, global efforts are needed to raise awareness and establish effective recycling infrastructures. Reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling are key strategies in minimizing invisible waste and promoting a circular economy for electronics. The issue of invisible e-waste serves as a poignant reminder of the hidden costs of our technological consumption. By shining a light on these overlooked items and adopting sustainable practices, we can mitigate the environmental impact of electronic waste while harnessing the value of recycled materials. [1] https://weee-forum.org/ws_news/invisible-e-waste-almost-10-billion-in-essential-raw-materials-recoverable-in-worlds-annual-mountain-of-electronic-toys-cables-vapes-more/

The Story of Henrietta Lacks and the HeLa Cells: Empowering Diversity in Science. The story of Henrietta Lacks, an African American woman whose cells have significantly influenced scientific advancements, spanning from the creation of polio and cancer therapies, the mapping of the human genome, to the early understanding of COVID-19, stands as one of the most prominent examples of the exploitation of marginalized communities in the pursuit of medical advancement, and why diversity in science matters. What do COVID-19, HIV, polio, rubeola, cloning, and the discovery of chromosomes have in common? They all connect to the remarkable story of Henrietta Lacks and her immortal HeLa cells. These cells are used for research all around the world. The HeLa cells have allowed generations of scientists in cell biology to perform experiments without having to use a living person. Human cells are the fundamental unit of life. Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown in controlled conditions outside their native environment, i.e. the human body. Scientists grow human cells in the lab to understand physiological processes in the human body, to study how diseases develop, and to test new treatments, without putting a living patient in danger. To be able to repeat the experiment multiple times, and to be able to compare their results to other scientists' work, they need a huge population of identical cells, able to replicate themselves an infinite number of times. Until 1951, all the cell lines that researchers have tried to grow have died within a few days. Henrietta Lacks Born in 1920 in Virginia. She was married and had 5 children. In 1951, Henrietta Lacks went to Johns Hopkins Hospital, the only place around which was accepting black patients, to be treated for an aggressive form of cervical cancer. While he was examining her, before even treating her, the doctor took a sample of her tumour to use for his research. He did not ask her for permission, or did not even tell her how her genetic sample might be used. She died at 31 years old, a few months after her cancer cells were harvested, her body ravaged by those rapidly metastasizing cells. Little did she know that her cells would become the cornerstone of modern medical research. The HeLa cells The doctor gave her cells to a tissue specialist at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, George Gey, who discovered something he has been searching for years. What are these cells so special? Most cells usually divide 30-40 times before dying. George Gey has been trying to grow cells in his lab for decades and never succeeded, till Henrietta Lacks' cells. Henrietta Lacks’ cells kept dividing for days. It seemed that when these individual cells died, copies were instantly generated to take their place. The result is an endless source of identical cells that it still around today, more than 70 years later. That was the first line of immortal cells. The first cells able to be grown and kept alive for a very long time. Those same cells, preserved in that tissue sample, would live on, reproducing in labs around the world and changing the face of science and medicine. [1] These cells were named HeLa, after the first letters of the first and last name of Henriette Lacks. Henrietta's cells, unlike any others before them, exhibited an unprecedented ability to multiply indefinitely. This unique characteristic opened new avenues for scientific exploration and paved the way for groundbreaking discoveries. What makes the Hela cells survive while others die? We do not know. Normal human cells self-destruct during a process called apoptosis. That is, to avoid the propagation of genetic error that might appear after several rounds of divisions. Cancer cells ignore this signal, dividing indefinitely and invading normal cells. Despite this, outside the human body, they will eventually die. The HeLa cells don’t. In 2013, researchers from the University of Washington sequenced the HeLa genome and discovered that a scrambled part of the HPV genome did actually combine with Lack’s genome. Specifically, they discovered that the virus, which contains its own cancer genes, took up shop next to one of Lacks’ oncogenes, genes that can cause cancer when they’re changed. It seems that the HPV turned on that oncogene, which makes Henrietta Lacks produce a large amount of these cancer cells, a probable reason why the cells have been so persistent. But this is still just a guess. The tremendous contributions of HeLa cells to medicine Cervical cancer These cells have revolutionized our understanding of human biology and disease progression. For example, It is thanks to HeLa cells that we know that cervical cancer, the cancer that killed Henrietta Lacks, is due to a virus called HPV. And now there is a vaccine against it! [2] Even if they are cancerous cells, the HeLa cells behave like normal cells in numerous ways, and have been essential in studying bacteria, hormones, and viruses, to study how the cells reacted and to develop lifesaving vaccines. Polio epidemic In the early 1950's, the disease of the time was the polio epidemic. Polio was studied by infecting Rhesus Monkey cells with the virus to measure and collect antibodies. The problem was that it was impossible to collect enough of these monkey cells to properly test a potential vaccine in a reasonable amount of time. Using the HeLa cells, that were able to take up and replicate the virus rapidly, allowed Jonas Salk to test and mass-produced his polio vaccine. ...and lots of other things Since then, billions of HeLa cells have been created, enough cells to wrap around the Earth at least 3 times. They have been used to develop treatments for Rubeola, herpes, Parkinson’s, various cancers, HIV, Ebola, and others. It is thanks to the HeLa cells, that we know that human cells are made of 46 chromosomes, They even travelled to space. They have also been used to study cloning, genetics, and the effects of ionising radiation on genetic material. COVID-19 The cells derived from Henrietta Lacks were also used in a pioneering investigation that found the virus SARS-infectivity CoV-2's in humans. COVID-19 was first studied using HeLa cells, however researchers soon discovered that the virus did not infect these cells well. This piqued the researchers' interest, prompting them to look for the key to viral entry that was missing from the HeLa cells. The authors discovered that after altering HeLa cells to express the ACE2 molecule, the novel coronavirus could enter and infect the cells.[3] Thousands of research papers are based on HeLa cells in some way. When bias in medicine and science kicks in The story of HeLa cells is not without controversy. Henrietta's cells were taken without her consent. Informed consent means that before you undergo a medical treatment or a procedure, you fully understand everything involved in that procedure including risks, benefits, alternative treatments, and potential side effects. In addition, informed consent means that your decision to accept that medical treatment or procedure is completely voluntary. When Dr. Gey realised he had the first sample of immoral human cells he sent samples to labs all over the world, and soon the mass production of these cells begun, 6 trillion HeLa cells a week. These cells have allowed scientists to build careers and make fortunes all around the world, and that is problematic. As a matter of fact, the sample has been used without the consent of Henrietta or her family. They only learned about it 20 years later! Because during all that time it came to no-one mind that demanding for consent was ethical, or fundamental, or event the right thing to do! The contribution of George Gey in the development of HeLa cells indicates that structural racism does not necessarily manifest as malice or greed. Dr. Gey performed the first successful cloning of human cells, violating Henrietta's right to bodily autonomy and the Lacks family's right to privacy by taking and distributing Henrietta's cells without their knowledge or consent, despite the fact that he was not motivated by greed or conscious racism. Gey considered the cells to be wholly independent of the woman who had them. We can deduce that because he felt it safe to share her name years after her death, he didn’t think that the news could injure or upset her family.[4] Huge medical breakthroughs have resulted from the cells of Henrietta Lacks, but she never agreed that her cells be used in a such a way. Everyone who benefitted from the cells had the same resonning. Because they all came from the same mold. Inherent and acuqired diversity was lacking at decisio making level for everyone to even question the practice. And this for 20 years! The family did not even know that her cells were still living on petri dishes of scientists all around the world. Her family received no money from any of the biotechnology or other companies that benefitted from her cells (i.e. Thermo-Fisher). And, four decades after her death, doctors and scientists failed to seek her family for permission before releasing her name to the public, disclosing her medical data to the media, and even publishing the genome of her cells without their consent![5] The exploitation of Henrietta Lacks represents the unfortunately common struggle experienced by Black people till today: the history of medical racism. The story of Henrietta Lacks underscores the importance of diversity in science. By recognizing and celebrating the contributions of women and minorities in STEM fields, we can ensure a more inclusive and equitable future for scientific research. In conclusion, Henrietta Lacks and her immortal HeLa cells have left an indelible mark on the world of science. As we honor her legacy, let us also strive for greater diversity and inclusivity in scientific research, ensuring that all voices are heard and represented. Do you remember the movie Highlander, the immortal? Always portrayed as a white man. The reality is that it is a black woman and her name was Henrietta Lacks. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrietta_Lacks [2] https://www.uzleuven.be/en/annual-reports/annual-report-2020/news/human-papillomavirus-virus-now-also-standard-boys-battle [3] DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.61390 [4] The immortal life of Henrietta Lacks - Rebecca Skloot [5] Nature | Vol 585 | 3 September 2020

Unlocking the Path to Profitable Sustainability: A Journey with Corporate Sustainability Pioneers Sustainability: a fairy tale? In the heart of bustling city streets, amidst the constant rhythm of commerce, there exists a small but mighty beacon of change—a classroom where the future of business is being rewritten, where entrepreneurs and professionals gather to unlock the secrets of sustainability. Discover the Power of Aligning Purpose with Profit Meet Sofia, a visionary entrepreneur who once believed that profit and purpose were incompatible. That was until she stumbled upon a transformative class led by pioneers in corporate sustainability. In their class, Sofia discovered that sustainability isn't just a buzzword—it's a journey, an investment that can yield up to 80% more profitability within three years. "In our class, we delve into the heart of purpose-driven business. Through thought-provoking discussions and real-world case studies, you'll uncover your unique purpose and learn how to infuse it into every aspect of your organization." Transform Your Approach As Sofia delved deeper into the curriculum, she uncovered the interconnectedness of environmental and social sustainability with business growth. She learned that businesses can thrive when they engrain environmental, social and economic sustainability practices, concomitantly, in their operations. "Gone are the days of choosing between profit and purpose. Our curriculum empowers you to align these two forces, creating a synergistic relationship that propels your business forward while making a positive impact on society." What sets this class apart? Its teachers aren't just experts—they're trailblazers who have been championing sustainability long before it became fashionable. They are scientists who have dissected corporate sustainability from every angle, uncovering the strategies that drive real, measurable impact. But perhaps the most compelling aspect of this class is its unapologetic stance on profitability. They understand that a green company that doesn't turn a profit is simply unsustainable. That's why their teachings are grounded in practicality, showing entrepreneurs and professionals how to build businesses that are not only environmentally and socially responsible but also financially robust. So, why invest in this class when there's a wealth of information available for free on the internet? Because this isn't just any class—it's a roadmap to success in the new age of business. It's a community of like-minded individuals who understand that sustainability isn't just a trend—it's the future. Take the first step Don't wait any longer to unlock the full potential of your business. Enrol in our class today and embark on a transformative journey toward aligning purpose with profit. Join Sofia and countless others who have embarked on this journey towards a more sustainable, profitable future. Enrol in the class today and discover the power of aligning purpose with profit.

In a pivotal electoral year, what do women want? European Policy Center Dr Audrey-Flore Ngomsik have been asked by the European Policy Center to give her view on the coming elections, along with other amazing women! They had the freedom to talk about #leadership, #IWD, #feminism, #womenleadership, etc. in 300 words. In this pivotal electoral year, she has decided to question the idea that "Every vote counts", in the verge of having the parliament invested by parties she is scared to see there. 2024 is an important year for democracy. More than half of the world’s population will head to the polls, with elections set to take place in over 50 countries, as well as in the European Union. While any election at any time holds significance, the present era of permacrisis raises the stakes for this mammoth year of voting. Whether the outcome of these elections will be generally positive or negative remains to be seen. However, the ramifications will differ based on factors such as gender, age, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and occupation. As such, to mark International Women’s Day and within the context of the upcoming national, European, and global elections, we sought to gather the perspectives of many great women – in the EPC as well as women we work with – on elections. Our call received over 50 contributions authored by women from different backgrounds and age groups, as well as various EU member states and the Balkan countries, Montenegro, and the Republic of Moldova. In doing so, we have explored questions such as why does voting matter? Why should anyone care about the European elections? What should the priorities be for the EU institutions considering the polls? How can the gender and diversity agenda be advanced? Can female leadership at the helm of the Commission and Parliament make a difference? What potential implications do these elections hold for the future of democracy? The strong and powerful entries to this compendium we received remind us of the pivotal importance of more diverse and more female leaders in key decision-making roles. This year’s edition of International Women’s Day not only calls for celebration, but also for action, considering what’s at stake in elections throughout the world. Read full article here: https://www.epc.eu/content/PDF/2024/Compendium_2024_v3.pdf Dr Audrey-Flore Ngomsik's contribution is below:

Solutions intersectionnelles pour le changement climatique Docteure en Chimie Physique et Analytique de Sorbonne Université à Paris, Dr. Audrey-Flore Ngomsik est une experte émérite en durabilité, conférencière TEDx, et leader multirécompensée, Présidente de The Brussels Binder, membre du conseil d'administration de The Nine, entre autres rôles notables. Elle a consacré sa carrière à la découverte, la promotion et la commercialisation d'innovations en chimie verte. Convaincue de l'importance d'une vision globale du développement durable, elle intègre depuis plus de 20 ans la durabilité sociale, économique et environnementale pour accroître la rentabilité, la compétitivité et l'attractivité des entreprises. Le 11 mars 2024, elle organise un événement sur "Les Solutions Intersectionnelles pour le Changement Climatique". Cet événement abordera de manière unique l'impact du changement climatique en termes de genre et de diversité. Rencontre avec Audrey-Flore Ngomsik.

IWD - March 8th - The Nine - Women on strike (copy of press release)